Cognitive Psychology - Learning The Human Behavior

Scientist used the evolutionary approach to study behaviour and psychology is order to answer different questions about a certain behaviour. Charles Darwin’s evolutionary theory provides the framework for thinking about human behaviour.

In this session you be learning about the definition of phylogeny and ontogeny .

In this lecture , you will be learning about the 5 main approaches to behaviourism 

By understanding the Abraham Harold Maslow's hierarchy , we are able to understand why human being behave in certain way in certain stages in life.

By understanding the carl's roger theory , we are able to understand how should a fully functioning person should behave.

Consequential operations are positive responses to challenging behaviour. It give the person choices and an opportunity to learn. Consequences must be clearly related to the challenging behaviour. 

Consequences are outcomes (negative or positive) of a person’s action.

We all know that the nature of penalty holds the power to practically make sure we behave in the appropriate way .
There are two types of consequences that you will need to be concerned with: natural and logical. 
Both of these types can be positive or negative. To help you get a handle on what each type means, I’ll define them and give both a positive and negative example.

John Watson proposed that the process of classical conditioning (based on Pavlov’s observations) was able to explain all aspects of human psychology.Everything from speech to emotional responses was simply patterns of stimulus and response.Watson denied completely the existence of the mind or consciousness

B.F. Skinner (1938)founded operant conditioning.

Operant conditioning  means changing of behavior by the use of reinforcement which is given after the desired response.

Skinner identified three types of responses or operant that can follow behavior.

The puzzle box is the laboratory device that E. L. Thorndike invented in order to study instrumental or operant conditioning in cats. He placed a cat in the puzzle box, which was encourage to escape to reach a scrap of fish placed outside.  Thorndike would put a cat into the box and time how long it took to escape.  The cats experimented with different ways to escape the puzzle box and reach the fish.

According to Freud's sigmund the founder of this model   the id is  part of the mind that contains sexual and aggressive drives and hidden memories, the super-ego operates as a moral conscience(on shen), and the ego is the realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super-ego.

Although each part of the personality comprises unique features, they interact to form a whole, and each part makes a relative contribution to an individual's behavior.

This system is founded by Dr.fogg., an expert in the psychology of persuasion and founder of the Persuasive Lab at Stanford University .

Dr. Fogg’s habit model is tested, over 30,000  students .His research on human behavior concluded that only 3 things change behavior in the long term: