Cisco re-certifications now carry a three-year validity for all certifications, including tsa and specialist certs; formerly some certs were two years, with activation and deactivation like sleep mode.

Explore six CCNP Enterprise tracks spanning wide and wireless networks, with two wireless modules and a core paper guiding your path to expert level, including datacenter security and service portal.

Explore core enterprise networking topics across architecture, forwarding, switching and routing, with coverage of ospf, bgp, ipv6, security, wireless, fabric technologies, and network assurance.

Explore CCNP Enterprise lab options, comparing physical dedicated setups with virtual and simulation tools like GNS3, track rentals, and license-based labs for routing and switching practice.

Learn about supported virtual images for GNS3 and EVE-NG, including L2 and L3 Cisco images, how to upload images, and simulating devices in a virtual lab.

Learn to set up the ASAv firewall in GNS3 by importing the appliance and ASA images, selecting the correct version, naming it, and powering it on to connect.

Explore fiber cables for long-distance enterprise links, including switch-to-switch connections with SFP ports enabling 10 gig speeds, and contrast with LAN use and wireless access points for mobility.

Define a broadcast domain as devices that receive a broadcast from a member, and explain how switches flood when entries are missing; trunking options divide domains to optimize broadcast traffic.

Explore how VLAN divides a single broadcast domain into multiple logical networks, limiting broadcasts by department subnets for improved performance and security.

Create and name VLANs in configuration mode, verify with show vlan, and assign switch ports to the VLAN to enable inter-PC connectivity within the same VLAN and subnet.

Learn to configure data and voice VLANs on switches, assign ports to each VLAN, and verify with show commands, including ports carrying both voice and data for IP phones.

Configure inter-VLAN routing using router subinterfaces on a trunk link with dot1q encapsulation, create unique subinterfaces per VLAN, assign gateways, and verify end-to-end connectivity.

Convert a switchport to a layer three routed port (no switchport) and assign an IP to enable routing on a physical interface, using it as a gateway.