Six Sigma Yellow Belt Training & Certification

• Six Sigma Yellow Belt certification is for those who are new to the world of Six Sigma who has a passion to develop the basic knowledge on Six Sigma.

• Entry-level representatives who want to be more familiar with the basic concepts of Six Sigma and DMAIC

• Overview of implementation of Six Sigma

• Introduction to tools and techniques used within a Six Sigma project.

• To enable participants to understand how they may contribute to a Six Sigma program.

• Expectation – Customer & Company : Please see Lecture video

  
  

• Is Quality important, What is your opinion? : Please see Lecture video

  
  

• What is Quality : The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs

  
  

• Levels in Six Sigma : White Belt / Yellow Belt / Green Belt / Black Belt / Master Black Belt

  
  

• Introduction of Quality Gurus :

Frederick Winslow Taylor - Father of Scientific Management

W. Edwards Deming - TQM (Total Quality Management)

Joseph M. Juran - Father of Quality

Kaoru Ishikawa - Fishbone diagrams / Cause & effect diagram

• Six Sigma is a,

Data driven,

Customer focused, and

Result oriented methodology

• Six Sigma uses,

Statistical tools and techniques to systematically eliminate the defects and inefficiencies to improve processes.

• Reduction in variation

• Elimination of defects

• Improvement in yield

• Enhancement in customer satisfaction

• Strengthening of the bottom line

Example: GE’s Medical System division (GEMS) used Six Sigma design techniques to create a breakthrough in medical scanning technology. Patients can now get a full body scan in half a minute, versus three minutes or more with previous technology. Hospitals can increase their usage of the equipment and achieve a lower cost per scan, as well.

Six Sigma approach is to find out the root causes of the problem,

Symbolically represented by Y = F(X).

§Here, Y represents the problem occurring due to cause (s) X.

Organizations embrace the Six Sigma way as this methodology systematically and measurably enhances the value of the organizations by making them competitive, quality-conscious, customer-centric, and forward-looking. Some of the benefits that the organizations derive from the Six Sigma initiatives are:

• Waste prevention

• Defect reduction

• Cycle time reduction

• Cost savings

• Market share improvement

• Sigma, represented by the Greek alphabet ‘σ’, stands for standard deviation from the ‘mean’.

• ‘Six Sigma’ represents six standard deviations from the mean*.

• As the sigma level increases, the defect percentage decreases, which improves the efficiency of the process.

• Executive Leadership - Executive Leadership includes project sponsors and process owners. They create the Six Sigma vision for an organization. They are responsible for ensuring that everyone in the organization understands the vision and all work with unity of purpose to realize it.

• Champions - Champions are selected by Executive Leadership or Senior Champions. They organize and direct the initiation, deployment, and implementation of Six Sigma throughout the organization. They ensure that Six Sigma is properly implemented in all the business activities of the organization. Champions can be either Deployment Champions or Project Champions.

• Master Black Belts - Master Black Belts are in-house experts selected by Champions. They manage project selection and human resource training with the help of Champions. They train Black Belts and Green Belts in Six Sigma implementation.

• Black Belts - Black Belts are those who apply the tools and techniques and knowledge of Six Sigma principles to a given project of an organization. They are responsible for accomplishing the tasks entrusted to them by Champions and Executive leadership. They dedicate all of their work hours on Six Sigma implementation.

• Green Belts - The Green Belts are those employees of an organization who implement Six Sigma while discharging their other assigned duties. Green Belts have fewer Six Sigma responsibilities compared to Black Belts and Master Black Belts. They dedicate only a part of their work hours on Six Sigma implementation.

• Project Team - They are the employees who work on the Six Sigma project. It includes the Project Manager as well. Project team members need not be a Green Belt or Black Belt.

• Customers – they are very important stakeholder whose requirements have to be considered.

• Employees – they are the people involved in the six sigma initiative in the organization.

• Suppliers - they are people who provide inputs to the process.

• End users – they are people who actually use the product or service. End users can also be customers.

DMAIC data-driven improvement cycle used for improving, optimizing and stabilizing business processes and designs.

The DMAIC improvement cycle is the core tool used to drive Six Sigma projects.

• DEFINE : 

The Define Phase is used to identify the areas of improvement and define goals for the improvement activity and ensures that resources are in place for the improvement project.

The Define Phase will focus on a customer requirement and identify project CTQ’s (Critical to quality). A CTQ is a product or service characteristic that satisfies a customer requirement or process requirement

• MEASURE :

The Measure Phase evaluates the process to determine the current process performance, that is, the baseline.

The Measure phase allows you to understand the present condition of the process before you attempt to identify improvements.

• ANALYSE :

  
  

  The Analyze phase is used to identify few vital causes from a list of potential causes obtained from the Measure phase, actually affecting project outcome using six sigma methodologies.

  The data collected in the Measure phase are examined to determine a prioritized list of the sources of variation.

• IMPROVE :

The improve phase of Six Sigma is used to improve the system to do things better, cheaper or more rapidly by finding optimum solution for Y, implement the new approach and validate using statistical methods. The main objective of the improve phase is to improve the process by eliminating defects.

• CONTROL :

The control phase of Six Sigma is used to develop and implement process control plan to ensure sustenance of the improved process.

Data can be broadly categorized into two types: Continuous data and Attribute (discrete) data.

• Check sheets : Check sheets are very important tool for data collection. Inputs gathered from check sheets can be used for creation of Pareto diagrams, Fishbone diagrams etc.

  
  

• Histogram :

  It is a visual representation of variable data.

  It organizes data to describe process performance.

  It displays centering of the data and pattern of variation.

  It demonstrate the underlying distribution of the data. Histogram can be used to check whether the data is Normally distributed or not.

  It helps to identify whether the process is capable of meeting requirements.

  
  

• Flow chart or Process map : It is a graphical representation of processes in an organization displaying the sequence of tasks performed and their relationships.

  
  

• Cause and Effect diagram : 

  Ishikawa diagrams are also referred to as cause-and-effect or Fishbone diagram.

  Developed by Kaoru Ishikawa in 1960’s, this is a graphic representation of possible causes for any particular problem under study.

  Is a very powerful tool to organize and graphically display all the knowledge the team has about a particular problem.

  
  

  8 main branches of causes : (Find with the help of Brainstorming sessions)

  1.Man Power / People

  2.Method / Process

  3.Material

  4.Machine / Equipment

  5.Mother Nature (Environment)

  6.Measurement / Inspection

  7.Maintenance

  8.Management / Money Power

• Pareto diagram : Based on the Pareto principle (also referred to as 80-20 rule), which states that a small number of causes (20%) is responsible for a large percentage (80%) of the effect

  
  

• Scatter diagram :

  It is a graphical representation that depicts the possible relationship or association between two variables, factors or characteristics.

  It provides both a visual and statistical means to test the strength of a relationship.

  
  

• Control charts : Control charts are used to determine whether or not a process is stable, this is the way of visualizing how processes are doing over time

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