
Introduction:
In previous class, we have studied about congruent figures. We know that two figures are called congruent, if they have the same shape and the same size. In this chapter, we shall study about those figures which are in same shape but not necessarily in the same size.
In Figure, if ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF and their sides are of lengths (in cm)
as marked along them, then find the lengths of the sides of each triangle.
In the given figure, △ABC △PQR. Find the value of y + z.
If in two triangles DEF and PQR, ∠D = ∠Q and ∠R = ∠E,
then which of the following is not true?
i. EF/PR = DF/PQ
ii. DE/PQ = EF/RP
iii. DE/QR = DF/PQ
iv. EF/RP = DE/QR
It is given that ABC ~ DFE, A = 30°, C = 50°, AB = 5cm,
AC = 8 cm and DF= 7.5 cm. Then, the following is true:
1) DE = 12 cm, F = 50°
2) DE = 12 cm, F = 100°
3) EF = 12 cm, D = 100°
4) EF = 12 cm, D = 30°
Basic Proportionality Theorem (BPT)& Its applications.
If a line intersects sides AB and AC of a ∆ABC at D and E respectively and is parallel to BC, prove that (AD )/AB = (AE )/AC.
ABCD is a trapezium with AB || DC. E and F are points on non-parallel sides AD and BC respectively such that EF is parallel to AB. Show that AE/ED = BF/FC
In Fig. DE∥BC and CD∥EF. Prove that AD^2 = AB × AF.
In △ABC, D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively, such that DE || BC. If AD = 4x - 3, AE = 8x - 7, BD = 3x - 1 and CE = 5x -3 , find the value of x.
Converse of Basic Proportionality Theorem & its applications.
In figure, = and PST = PRQ. Prove that PQR is an isosceles triangle.
If the diagonals of a quadrilateral divide each other proportionally, prove that it is a trapezium.
In the given figure, ∠A = ∠B and AD = BE. Show that DE ∥ AB.
If D and E are points on the respective sides AB and AC. △ABC such that, AD = 6 cm, BD = 9 cm, AE = 8 cm,
EC = 12 cm. Prove that DE || BC.
Criteria for Similarity of Triangles & related proofs.
· AAA Similarity Criterion
· SSS Similarity Criterion
· SAS Similarity Criterion
Problems Based on Similarity of Triangles
AAA Similarity Criterion:
If in two triangles, corresponding angles are equal, then their corresponding sides are in the same ratio(or proportion) and hence the two triangles are similar.
SSS Similarity Criterion:
If in two triangles, sides of one triangle are proportional to (i.e. in the same ratio ) to the side of the other triangle, then their corresponding angles are equal and hence the two triangles are similar.
SAS Similarity Criterion:
If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of the other triangle and the sides including these angles are proportional, then two triangles are similar.
In the adjoining figure, △AHK is similar to △ABC.
If AK = 10 cm, BC = 3.5 cm and HK = 7 cm, find AC.
Observe the figure and then find ∠P.
A girl of height 90 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp-post at a speed of 1.2 m/s. If the lamp is 3.6 m above the ground, find the length of her shadow after 4 seconds.
Proofs Based on Similarity of Triangles
In figure, if PQ || RS, prove that ∆POQ ~ ∆SOR.
In figure, OA. OB = OC. OD. Show that ∠A = ∠C and ∠B = ∠D.
In figure, CM and RN are respectively the medians of ∆ABC and ∆PQR. If ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR, prove that:
i. ∆AMC ~ ∆PNR
ii. (CM )/RN =(AB )/PQ
iii. ∆CMB ~ ∆RNQ
In the given figure, AB ∥ PQ ∥ CD, AB = x, CD = y, PQ = z
Prove that (1 )/(x ) + (1 )/(y ) = (1 )/(z )
Areas of Similar Triangles&
Problems Based on Areas of Similar Triangles
In figure, the line segment XY is parallel to side AC of ∆ABC and it divides the triangle into two parts of equal areas. Find the ratio AX/AB
In the given figure, PA/AQ = PB/BR = 3. If the area △PQR is 32 cm^2,
then find the area of the quadrilateral AQRB.
ΔABC and ΔDEF are similar and AB = (1/3)DE,
then find ar(ΔABC): ar(ΔDEF)
In the given figure, if DE∥BC and AD : DB = 5 : 4, then find (ar(△DFE) )/(ar(△CFB) )
Areas of Similar Triangles
&
Proofs Based on Areas of Similar Triangles
If △ABC ∼ △PQR and AD and PS are bisectors of corresponding angles A and P, then prove that
(ar(ΔABC) )/(ar(ΔPQR)) = AD^2/PS^2 .
If the area of two similar triangles are equal, prove that they are congruent.
Diagonals of a trapezium PQRS intersect each other at the point O, PQ ∥ RS and PQ = 3RS. Find the ratio of the areas of triangles △POQ and △ROS.
Prove that the area of the equilateral triangle drawn on the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle is equal to the sum of the areas of the equilateral triangles drawn on the other two sides of the triangle.
Pythagoras Theorem and its Applications.
In figure, ∠ACB = 900 and CD⊥ AB. Prove that (BC^2)/(AC^2 ) = BD/AD
In figure, if AD⊥ BC, prove that AB^2 + CD^2 = BD^2 + AC^2.
BL and CM are medians of a triangle ABC right angled at A.
Prove that4(BL^2 + CM^2) = 5BC^2
A ladder is placed against a wall such that its foot is at a distance of 2.5 m from the wall and its top reaches a window 6 m above the ground. Find the length of the ladder.
Proofs Based on Converse of Pythagoras Theorem:
O is any point inside a rectangle ABCD.
Prove that OB^2 + OD^2 = OA^2 + OC^2.
ΔABC is right angled at C. If p is the length of the perpendicular from C to AB and a, b, c are the lengths of the sides opposite ∠A, ∠B and ∠C respectively, then prove that 1/P^2 = 1/a^2 + 1/b^2
In a ΔABC, AD⊥BC and AD^2 = BD × CD.
Prove that ΔABC is a right triangle.
In an equilateral triangle of side √3 cm,
find the length of the altitude.
Fill in the blanks using the correct word given in brackets :
(i) All circles are_______. (congruent, similar)
(ii) All squares are __________. (similar, congruent)
(iii) All _______ triangles are similar. (isosceles, equilateral)
(iv) Two polygons of the same number of sides are similar, if
(a) their corresponding angles are _________ and
(b) their corresponding sides are _________. (equal, proportional)
Give two different examples of pair of
(i) Similar figures. (ii) Non-similar figures.
State whether the following quadrilaterals are similar or not
This course is carefully designed to explain various topics in Geometry - Triangles
It has 112 lectures spanning around thirteen hours of on-demand videos that are divided into 9 sessions. The course is divided into a simplified day-by-day learning schedule.
Each topic is divided into simple sessions and explained extensively by solving multiple questions. Each session contains a detailed explanation of the concept.
An online test related to the concept for immediate assessment of understanding.
Session-based daily home assignments with a separate key The students are encouraged to solve practice questions and quizzes provided at the end of each session.
This course will give you a firm understanding of the fundamentals and is designed in a way that a person with little or no previous knowledge can also understand very well.
It covers 100% video solutions of the NCERT exercises , with selected NCERT exemplars and R D Sharma.
Our design meets the real classroom experience by following classroom teaching practices. We have designed this course by keeping in mind all the needs of students and their desire to become masters in math. This course is designed to benefit all levels of learners and will be the best gift for board-appearing students. Students love these easy methods and explanations. They enjoy learning maths and never feel that maths is troublesome.
Topics covered in the course:
Similarities:
Similar Figures
Similar Polygons
Similar Triangles
Basic Proportionality Theorem (BPT) or Thales Theorem and it applications.
Applications of Converse of Basic Proportionality Theorem.
Criteria for Similarity of Triangles & related proofs.
AAA Similarity Criterion
SSS Similarity Criterion
SAS Similarity Criterion
Areas of Similar Triangles & its applications.
Pythagoras Theorem and its Applications.
Converse of Pythagoras Theorem and its Applications.
With this course you'll also get:
Perfect your mathematical skills on Geometry - Triangles.
A Udemy Certificate of Completion is available for download.
Feel free to contact me with any questions or clarifications you might have.
I can't wait for you to get started on mastering the real number systems.
I look forward to seeing you on the course! :)
Benefits of Taking this Course:
On completion of this course, one will have detailed knowledge of the chapter and be able to easily solve all the problems, which can lead to scoring well in exams with the help of explanatory videos ensure complete concept understanding.
Downloadable resources help in applying your knowledge to solve various problems.
Quizzes help in testing your knowledge. In short, one can excel in math by taking this course.