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Learn MoreEarly childhood and Special education for Hearing disability
Early childhood and Special education for Hearing disability
Special education | Pre- parenting (before or during pregnancy) strategies | Early childhood education | Technology
Highest Rated
Created byArpita Roy
Last updated 12/2023
English
What you'll learn
- Prenatal, natal, and post-natal risk factors of hearing loss. Types of hearing loss. Myths of hearing loss.
- Preventive strategies: primary (precaution before occurrence), secondary (early diagnosis and treatment), and tertiary (education and curriculum adaptation).
- Hearing aids, concepts such as air and bone conduction and assistive technology which can help children and adults with hearing loss.
- Relevant terms such as sign language, speech reading, cued speech, ling six sound, telecoil, Individualized education plan (IEP) etc.
Explore related topics
Course content
6 sections • 112 lectures • 2h 55m total length
- Contents of the Course : Intro, Types, Risk factors, Prevention, Tech and Misc.0:28
- Section 1 contents : Terminologies, Definitions, Human ear anatomy and process.0:38
Explore the iCF framework and terms - impairment, disability, handicap, activity limitation, participation restrictions, and deaf terminology - along with the anatomy of the ear and how we perceive sound.
- International Classification by World Health Organization: ICIDH and ICF1:10
Discover how the World Health Organization's ICIDH evolved into the ICF, removing handicap and splitting the framework into functioning and disability, plus contextual factors.
- What does Impairment mean?0:37
Define impairment as a loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical function. See examples: broken bone, lost arm, injured eye, or damaged ears from an explosion.
- What does Disability mean?1:04
Define disability as a restriction or lack of ability to perform activities in the normal range, shown by hearing loss, reduced walking, or visual impairment.
- What does Handicap mean?1:01
The term handicap refers to a disadvantage arising from an impairment or disability that limits fulfilling a normal role, illustrated by examples like inaccessible buildings and communication barriers.
- Difference and Interrelation: Impairment, Disability and Handicap.1:05
Explore how impairment, disability, and handicap differ and relate, using leg movement, vision, reading, and hearing examples to illustrate progression from impairment to disability to handicap.
- Components of ICF: Functioning and Disability.1:41
Explore the ICF framework's functioning and disability components, including body functions and structures, activities and participation, impairments, participation restrictions, and contextual factors such as hearing.
- Components of ICF: Contextual Factors.1:09
Explore the ICF contextual factors, detailing environmental factors: individual (home, workplace, school) and societal (organizations, services, transportation, networks, rules, attitudes), and personal factors (gender, race, age, health, lifestyle, upbringing, experience).
- Interaction between Functioning and Disability and Contextual Factors.1:06
Explore how body functions and structures, activities and participation, and contextual factors shape disability outcomes and influence impairment.
- Basic Anatomy of the Human Ear.2:22
Explore the three-part anatomy of the ear, including the outer, middle, and inner ear. Identify the pinna, ear canal, tympanic membrane, ossicles, eustachian tube, cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule.
- Process of Human hearing.1:09
Trace the journey of sound from the pinna through the ear canal and eardrum to the ossicles, cochlear hair cells, and auditory nerve as the brain perceives sound.
- Difference between 'D'eaf and 'd'eaf.1:20
Differentiate uppercase D deaf and lowercase d deaf by cultural identity. Note sign language as the first language for uppercase D deaf, with varied communication for lowercase d deaf.
- Section 1 Quiz
- Section 2 contents : Hearing loss divided into categories and sub- categories.0:27
Explore the classification of hearing impairment, including types, degree, site of lesion, age of onset, and configuration. Identify key terminologies and note how factors overlap across categories.
- Hearing loss categorized based on 'Degree'.2:14
Learn how hearing loss is categorized by degree using decibel thresholds, from slight to profound, with real-world dB examples.
- Difference between 'Deaf' and 'Hard of Hearing'.1:24
Learn the difference between deaf and hard of hearing, including 70 dB vs 60–70 dB, sign language versus speech, and hearing aids or cochlear implants per AAP 2016 India.
- What does 'Residual Hearing' mean?1:17
Explore residual hearing—the remaining ability to hear some sounds despite hearing loss, and how severity, such as in sensorineural loss, affects the presence of intact cochlear hair cells.
- Hearing loss categorized based on 'Site of Lesion'.0:38
Explore the site of lesion as a form of hearing loss, and classify it into conductive, sensorineural, and mixed types, for early childhood and special education.
- Site of Lesion: Conductive hearing loss: Ear malformations and ear wax blockage.2:11
- Conductive hearing loss: Foreign bodies, hole in eardrum and ossicular chain.1:37
Explore conductive hearing loss conditions, including foreign objects in the outer ear of children and perforated eardrum, caused by inserted objects, infections, or loud impacts; examine ossicular chain discontinuity.
- Conductive hearing loss: Middle ear problems and benign tumors.1:57
Identify conductive hearing loss from middle and outer ear problems, such as fluid buildup from poor Eustachian tube function, and note otitis media, external otitis, benign tumors, and oral atresia.
- Site of Lesion: Sensorineural hearing loss: Malformations, age, noise induced.2:34
- Sensorineural hearing loss: Drugs, explosions and trauma, meningitis, diabetes.2:06
Discover how ototoxic drugs, loud noises and explosions, and head injuries cause sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus, with meningitis and diabetes affecting inner ear health.
- Site of Lesion: Mixed hearing loss.1:33
Explore mixed hearing loss, a combination of conductive and sensorineural loss arising from outer, middle, and inner ear problems, with examples like Presbycusis with earwax buildup and blast-induced damage.
- Hearing loss categorized based on 'Age of onset'.0:33
- Age of onset: Congenital hearing loss: Prematurity, genetics, illness etc.3:02
Examine factors leading to congenital hearing loss at birth, including prematurity, birth asphyxia, preeclampsia, jaundice, and gestational diabetes, and discuss genetic causes and syndromes like Down syndrome and Usher syndrome.
- Congenital hearing loss: Rh factor, malformations, infections and birth weight.2:08
- Age of onset: Acquired hearing loss: Diseases, drugs and head injury.2:11
Describe how acquired hearing loss can occur after birth from diseases, drugs, infections, and head injury, including Mumps, Measles, Meningitis, Encephalitis, ototoxic meds, and Ramsay Hunt syndrome.
- Acquired hearing loss: Ear infections (glue ear) and noise exposure.2:33
Understand acquired hearing loss from glue ear and otitis media with effusion. Note how noise exposure can cause permanent hearing loss or tinnitus.
- Age of onset: Pre- lingual hearing loss.0:53
- Age of onset: Post- lingual hearing loss.0:31
- How are hearing loss and language development related?0:39
Explore how hearing loss relates to language development and acquisition, and how conversational exposure helps children learn sounds and words, affecting speaking, reading, and social skills.
- Terms: Hearing Screening | Audiometry | Audiometer | Audiogram | Audiologist.1:00
- What is pure tone audiometry? What is air conduction and bone conduction?2:13
Explore pure tone audiometry, the gold standard for hearing tests, focusing on air conduction and bone conduction pathways and how their comparison helps distinguish conductive from sensorineural hearing loss.
- What happens during a hearing test? What is an audiogram?1:49
Learn how an audiometer in a soundproof booth delivers tones at loudness, how an audiogram records the degree, type, and configuration of hearing loss, with frequency in hertz indicating pitch.
- Symbols/Markings in an Audiogram.2:21
Identify color-coded red right-ear and blue left-ear markings, and air and bone conduction symbols on an audiogram, then distinguish normal hearing from conductive loss based on ear and conduction results.
- What do different shapes in an audiogram represent?1:41
Explore the shapes of an audiogram and what they represent, including flat, slope, rising, cookie bite, noise-notched, high-frequency, and reversed U configurations across low, middle, and high frequencies.
- Hearing loss categorized based on the 'Configuration'.1:52
Identify the five configurations of hearing loss: bilateral vs unilateral, symmetrical vs asymmetrical, fluctuating vs stable, progressive vs sudden, and high versus low frequency.
- Section 2 Quiz
- Section 3 contents : Causes (risk factors) of hearing loss : 3 categories.0:27
Explore the possible risk factors of hearing loss, categorized as prenatal, natal, and postnatal. Build on factors mentioned in section two to explain how each form contributes.
- Pre Natal risk factors of hearing loss.2:45
Explore prenatal risk factors for hearing loss, including Branchio oto renal syndrome, Goldenhar syndrome, Jervell and Lange-nielsen syndrome, Pendrith syndrome, stickler syndrome, RH incompatibility, maternal diabetes, and TORCH infections.
- Natal risk factors of hearing loss.1:52
Explore natal risk factors for hearing loss, including birth injuries from pressure, nuchal cords, forceps delivery risks, prematurity, birth asphyxia, low birth weight, and severe jaundice leading to kernicterus.
- Post Natal risk factors of hearing loss.1:36
Identify post-natal risk factors of hearing loss, including otitis media, external otitis (swimmer's ear), head injuries, and foreign objects in the ear canal.
- Section 3 Quiz
- Section 4 contents : Intervention and preventive strategies: 3 broad categories.0:27
Explore primary, secondary, and tertiary intervention strategies to prevent hearing loss and mitigate its effects in early childhood and special education.
- Primary Prevention Strategies: Immunization and genetic counselling.1:41
Explore primary prevention through immunization, detailing vaccines like MMR, pneumococcal, Japanese encephalitis, and J&J, and explain how genetic counselling aids pregnancy planning and family health.
- Primary Prevention Strategies: Prenatal screening and nutrition counselling.1:14
Explore primary prevention in early childhood and hearing disability education through prenatal screening and nutrition counseling, covering tests like blood pressure checks, an ultrasound, amniocentesis, and glucose screening.
- Primary Prevention Strategies: Folic acid administration and healthy lifestyle.0:58
- Secondary prevention, what is High Risk Register and 1-3-6 guideline?1:46
Learn about secondary prevention for hearing disability, including early diagnosis, hearing screening formats, and early intervention strategies, and apply the 1-3-6 guideline and high risk register principles.
- Secondary prevention strategies: what are formal hearing tests?1:22
Learn how formal hearing tests administered by professionals provide accurate measurements, including objective and subjective tests, with newborn screening methods like otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response.
- Secondary Prevention: Formal Hearing tests: New born hearing screening.1:30
- Secondary Prevention: Formal Hearing tests: Subjective tests.2:36
Learn formal subjective hearing tests for infants, including behavioral observation audiometry and visual reinforcement audiometry, and how to assess responses to sounds using head, gaze, and visual rewards.
- Secondary Prevention: Formal Hearing tests: Other test names.0:26
Explore formal hearing tests beyond core measures, including auditory steady state response, cooperative test, impedance audiometry, speech audiometry, tuning fork and play audiometry, and operant conditioning.
- Secondary Prevention: what is informal hearing screening?1:03
- Why is Hearing Impairment known as an 'Invisible disability'?0:54
Explore why hearing impairment is an invisible disability, unseen by sight, leading to delayed treatment and unaddressed needs; it impacts communication, language development in children, and can cause social isolation.
- Secondary Prevention: Informal hearing screening: Signs and symptoms.1:44
Informal hearing screening flags signs of hearing loss in infants and children, such as not startling to noises, not turning to sound, and speech delays; consult a professional if persistent.
- Secondary Prevention: Informal hearing screening: Developmental milestones.1:15
- Developmental milestones: Communication milestones : 3 months and 6 months.1:14
Explore communication milestones for babies at 3 and 6 months, including startles to sounds, cooing, recognizing mother's voice, smiling, babbling, responding to sound, name, and musical engagement.
- Developmental milestones: Communication milestones: 9 months and 12 months.1:04
Explore nine-month and twelve-month communication milestones, including turning toward sounds, responding to simple requests, babbling progressing to words, and gestures such as waving or looking for named objects.
- Developmental milestones: Communication milestones: 18 months and 24 months.1:03
Explore communication milestones at 18 and 24 months, including echolalia, jargon, single words, two-word sentences, listening to stories, and pointing to pictures when named.
- What are early intervention services and why is it important?1:39
- Medical and surgical interventions: Earwax blockage and ear infections.1:35
- Medical and surgical interventions: Ear reconstruction and implants.1:24
Explore medical and surgical interventions for hearing loss, including stapedectomy with a prosthesis for otosclerosis, ear reconstruction for pinna malformations, and bone conduction implants linking skull vibrations to the cochlea.
- Medical and surgical interventions : Surgical implants for better hearing.1:06
- Terms : ENT doctor | Otology | Audiologist | Speech and Language Pathologist.1:56
Explore ENT doctors, otology, audiologists, and speech and language pathologists in hearing loss care and aural rehabilitation.
- What is the scope of an Audiologist?1:38
Explore the scope of an audiologist, including testing hearing, balance, and tinnitus, counseling families on psychosocial adjustments, and guiding hearing aid or cochlear implant candidacy and rehabilitation.
- What is the scope of a Speech and Language pathologist?1:14
Define scope of a speech and language pathologist and explain how they prevent, assess, diagnose, and treat speech, language, social communication, cognitive communication, and swallowing disorders in children and adults.
- What is Habilitation and Re- habilitation?1:15
- What is Aural rehabilitation: Diagnosis, counselling, selection of devices.1:54
- Aural rehabilitation: Training in auditory perception.1:50
- Aural rehabilitation: Lip reading, hearing aids, language stimulation and IEP.1:56
Discover aural rehabilitation for hearing loss using lip reading, signs, and gestures, with speech and language stimulation by parents and teachers; include the child and manage hearing aids and IEP.
- What is Lip reading/ Speech reading?0:53
- What is IEP: Case study and general background.1:06
Explore how to design an individualized education plan (IEP) for children needing special education, with case study context and general background information.
- IEP: Functional Assessment.1:49
Explore how an IEP uses functional assessment to profile a child’s physical and motor, communication, cognitive, social, and vocational abilities, including gross and fine motor skills and self-help tasks.
- IEP: Annual goals, short term goals and developing teaching plan.2:08
Learn how to build an IEP by finalizing annual and short term goals, and develop a teaching plan with tasks, materials, methods, and progress evaluation.
- What does school readiness mean?1:28
Explore school readiness through early intervention, early childhood programs, and preschool (nursery and kindergarten) initiatives that tailor activities to boost physical, communication, cognitive, and social skills for children with disabilities.
- What are Teaching Learning Material's?1:18
Explore how teaching learning materials, or tlms, enhance learning, boost retention, and make lessons engaging by using real, practical tools like blocks, flashcards, clocks, globes, videos.
- Different types/models of early intervention services.1:03
Explore the models of early intervention services, including home-based and center-based programs. See how combined home-and-center approaches extend services through professional home visits and hospital-based options.
- Tertiary prevention strategies categorization.1:10
Explore tertiary prevention strategies for hearing disability, education, vocational training, and family and community support, covering formal, non-formal, informal education, and special, integrated, inclusive education, plus oralism, bilingualism, total communication.
- Formal | Non- formal | Informal Education.2:25
Compare formal, non-formal, and informal education, from school curricula and degrees to adult literacy, distance learning, and lifelong learning through daily experiences, home education, and computer assisted instruction.
- Special | Integrated | Inclusive Education.2:54
Explore special education as a separate system and its pros and cons, alongside integrated and inclusive approaches. Understand mainstreaming, regular schools, and equal benefits for all students.
- Oralism | Bilingualism | Total Communication.2:54
- What is Sign language and Finger spelling?0:44
- Difference between Sign language and Sign system.1:40
- What is Cued Speech?1:46
Explore cued speech, a visual system using eight handshapes for consonants and four hand positions for vowels to distinguish look-alike lip movements, enabling hearing-impaired children to become good readers.
- What does Curriculum Adaptation mean?1:41
- Curriculum Adaptation: Curricular content.1:09
Compare text-only paragraphs with picture-rich storytelling to show how curriculum adaptation improves engagement and understanding for children. Revise content to fit class level while using direct, simpler language.
- Instructional strategies, assessment procedures and role of a special educator.2:10
- What is Vocational Training?1:43
Explore vocational training as a practical program that develops technical skills for employment, contrasting practical knowledge with formal education, and highlighting course options and inclusive access for girls with disabilities.
- Role of family in rehabilitation.1:30
The role of family in rehabilitation stresses family participation to support a child with disability, including providing auditory and visual environmental cues, inclusive activities, equal education partnership, and balanced care.
- What is the role of a community in rehabilitation and what does CBR mean?3:17
Explore how communities drive disability inclusion through community based rehabilitation and its five components: health, education, livelihood, social, and empowerment, implemented by people with disabilities, families, and stakeholders.
- Section 4 Quiz
- Section 5 layout: Assistive technology categorized.0:58
Explore assistive technology categories for hearing disability, including amplification, alerting, and communication devices, plus augmentative and alternative communication, with examples like air conduction, bone anchored hearing aids, and cochlear implants.
- What is a hearing aid?0:59
- Different types of hearing aids.1:32
- What are bone anchored hearing aids?1:39
- Cochlear implants, middle ear implants and auditory brainstem implants.1:55
Explore cochlear implants, middle ear implants, and auditory brainstem implants, and learn how they bypass damaged hair cells or the inner ear for hearing loss.
- Air conduction vs. Bone conduction.2:07
Understand how air conduction and bone conduction transmit sound from the pinna to the cochlea, compare hearing aids and cochlear implants, and learn apex and basal cochlear pitch mapping.
- What is Ling six sound check?1:06
Learn the Ling six sound check, a simple six-sound activity to verify hearing aids or cochlear implants. It uses r, e, o, m, and s across 250 to 4000 Hz.
- Group Amplification Devices: Hard wire systems.1:10
Learn how group amplification devices, like hard-wired systems, support classrooms for children with hearing impairment, with teacher microphones and earphones with volume control, noting limited capacity and movement restrictions.
- What are assistive listening systems and how does a telecoil play a role in it?1:50
Explore assistive listening systems and how telecoils enable wireless audio from devices to hearing aids. Learn about loop induction, infrared, and FM systems and their role with public address systems.
- Group Amplification Devices: Induction loop systems.1:14
- Group Amplification Devices: Infrared systems.1:35
- Group Amplifications Devices: FM systems.1:27
- Alerting Devices.2:00
Identify alerting devices and modes for hearing-impaired individuals, including visual, vibrotactile, and auditory cues. Review examples such as carbon monoxide detectors, smoke alarms, bed-attached alerts, doorbell signallers, and weather alerts.
- Communication Devices.2:15
- Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).2:48
discover augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), covering unaided and aided forms, symbol boards, choice cards, communication books, pod pod dynamic display, alphabet boards, speech generating devices, and related apps.
- Section 5 Quiz
- Section 6 layout: Categorization of Miscellaneous.0:20
- International acts and organizations: UNCRPD, SDGs, UNPRPD and IDA.2:19
Explore how the uncrpd and its optional protocol protect the rights of people with disabilities, and how the sdgs, unprpd, and the International Disability Alliance unite organizations to advance inclusion.
- International acts and organizations: UNICEF, UNDP, UNESCO and WHO.2:46
Explore UNICEF, UNDP, UNESCO and WHO's roles in disability and child well-being. Learn their focus on sustainable development, education (SDG 4), health, and protection.
- National acts and organizations: RPWD, NCF and RCI.2:43
- National acts and organizations: AYJNISHD and ISLRTC.2:15
- National acts and organizations: UDID and ADIP Scheme.1:49
- Common myths of hearing loss.3:11
Debunk common myths about hearing loss by explaining that hearing aids or cochlear implants do not restore normal hearing, require brain time to adjust, and need audiologist tuning.
- Signs and Symbols used for hearing loss.0:26
Explore the signs and symbols used worldwide for hearing loss. The lecture marks the end of section six and the course, inviting you to answer a simple question.
- Section 6 Quiz
Requirements
- No prior experience needed.
- Fresh school graduates can also enroll.
- Anyone who has an interest in the field can enroll.
- Ideal for parents and teachers.
Description
This course has been created to generate awareness regarding hearing loss/ impairment which is an invisible disability.
This course is divided into 6 sections and at the end of every section there will be a simple Q and A.
Section 1 focuses on the introductory aspects of hearing impairment, section 2 focuses on the types of hearing loss.
Section 3 focuses on the prenatal, natal, and post-natal risk factors of hearing loss.
Section 4 focuses on the preventive strategies which are primary (precaution before occurrence), secondary (early diagnosis, treatment, and intervention), and tertiary (maximize function and minimize adverse effects of hearing loss).
Section 4 also talks about the various hearing tests/screenings that are part of secondary prevention along with the role of family, special educators, and community.
Section 5 talks about hearing aids, and assistive technology which can help children and adults with hearing loss navigate on a daily basis.
Section 5 also talks about the concept of air conduction vs. bone conduction which is relevant in terms of hearing tests and amplification (hearing) devices.
Section 6 talks about government acts and schemes, international and national organizations that are a part of hearing loss and disability, and myths about hearing loss.
Who this course is for:
- Aspiring special educators, expecting mothers or new parents, guardians, caregivers.
- Anyone who is interested in gaining knowledge regarding hearing loss, special education or disability.
- Individuals interested in professions of rehabilitation, special education, early childhood education, pre school or any other profession related to the disability field.