Basic science

Hi, welcome to the introductory lesson about matter.

In this lesson we will help you to understand the meaning of matter. You will be able to learn the states of matter, and you will be able to differentiate one type of matter to the other and much more. We have videos available for you as you start your journey of learning about matter with us. Feel free to comment or ask questions for clarifications at any point in time where you do not understand. If you feel you didn't get exactly what you were looking for, your questions are always welcome at our desk. Thank you and good luck in your studies.

At the end of this lecture you will be able to

• Define an atom

• Name parts of an atom

• Learn the properties of an atom

• Learn how to calculate mass number

• Define Isotope

The aim of this lecture is to understand the nature of water cycle.

This lecture explain the mystery of water cycle.

• Matter can exist in one of three main states: solid, liquid, or gas. Liquid matter is made of more loosely packed particles. It will take the shape of its container. Particles can move about within a liquid, but they are packed densely enough that volume is maintained.

• Gaseous matter is composed of particles packed so loosely that it has neither a defined shape nor a defined volume. A gas can be compressed.

• At the most fundamental level, matter is composed of elementary particles known as quarks and leptons (the class of elementary particles that includes electrons). Quarks combine into protons and neutrons and, along with electrons, form atoms of the elements of the periodic table, such as hydrogen, oxygen, and iron. Atoms may combine further into molecules such as the water molecule, H2O. Large groups of atoms or molecules in turn form the bulk matter of everyday life.

• Depending on temperature and other conditions, matter may appear in any of several states. At ordinary temperatures, for instance, gold is a solid, water is a liquid, and nitrogen is a gas, as defined by certain characteristics: solids hold their shape, liquids take on the shape of the container that holds them, and gases fill an entire container. These states can be further categorized into subgroups. Solids, for example, may be divided into those with crystalline or amorphous structures or into metallic, ionic, covalent, or molecular solids, on the basis of the kinds of bonds that hold together the constituent atoms. Less-clearly defined states of matter include plasmas, which are ionized gases at very high temperatures; foams, which combine aspects of liquids and solids; and clusters, which are assemblies of small numbers of atoms or molecules that display both atomic-level and bulklike properties.

Properties of matter.

The properties of matter include any traits that can be measured, such as an object's density, color, mass, volume, length, malleability, melting point, hardness, odor, temperature, and more.

What are the 10 physical properties of matter?

Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter. Physical properties include: appearance, texture, color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, polarity, and many others.

Chemical properties of matter

The chemical properties of matter can be the burning of substances. It is quite difficult to define a chemical property without using the word "change". Eventually you should be able to look at the formula of a compound and state some chemical property. At this time this is very difficult to do and you are not expected to be able to do it. For example hydrogen has the potential to ignite and explode given the right conditions. This is a chemical property. Metals in general have they chemical property of reacting with an acid. Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas. This is a chemical property.

Chemical change results in one or more substances of entirely different composition from the original substances. The elements and/or compounds at the start of the reaction are rearranged into new product compounds or elements. A CHEMICAL CHANGE alters the composition of the original matter. Different elements or compounds are present at the end of the chemical change. The atoms in compounds are rearranged to make new and different compounds.

One good example of a chemical change is burning paper. In contrast to the act of ripping paper, the act of burning paper actually results in the formation of new chemicals (carbon dioxide and water, to be exact). Another example of chemical change occurs when water is formed. Each molecule contains two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen chemically bonded.

What is an atom?

An atom a fundamental piece of matter. (Matter is anything that can be touched physically.) Everything in the universe (except energy) is made of matter, and, so, everything in the universe is made of atoms.

An atom itself is made up of three tiny kinds of particles called subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and the neutrons make up the center of the atom called the nucleus and the electrons fly around above the nucleus in a small cloud. The electrons carry a negative charge and the protons carry a positive charge. In a normal (neutral) atom the number of protons and the number of electrons are equal. Often, but not always, the number of neutrons is the same, too.

In this lesson you will about the two types of change. You will be able to compare the two types of change.

• In this lecture you will learn about water.

• Uses of water

• sources of water

• importance of water

• water cycle

In this topic you will learn the classifications of animal.

At the end of this lecture you will be able to learn:

• The uses of plants

• Types of plants

• Importance of plants

• Parts of plants

You will be able to learn the life cycle of plants

In this lecture you will learn about sounds, how they are made, how we hear them and how you can use a sound level meter to measure the volume of different sounds. You will do some practical investigation to measure the to find out how sound travels through different materials and how some materials can stop sound from travelling. You will also learn about the pitch of sound, and how the pitch of sound can be changed in different ways in musical instruments.

By the end of the lesson, the students will be able to learn the definition of magnets, the types of magnets that we have and the uses of magnets.

This lecture explain the mystery of image formation