ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS

Name: ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS
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Strength of Substances

Created byVinay Arya

Last updated 9/2019

English

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What you'll learn

Physical , Chemical Properties and Uses of Acids , Bases and Salts

Course content

1 section • 14 lectures • 2h 54m total length

2.1. CONTENTS12:27
This lecture outlines acids, bases, and salts, covering strong/weak acids and bases, classification by dilution and concentration, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis concepts, properties, neutralization in everyday life, and salt preparation.
2.2. INTRODUCTION - ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS8:37
Explore how acids, bases, and salts are classified as strong or weak, and how indicators reveal acids or bases through color change, with acid-base reactions in water.
2.3. CLASSIFICATION OF ACIDS16:59
Explore the classification of acids and bases, including strong and weak acids, concentrated and dilute solutions, with examples such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric acids in water.
2.4. CLASSIFICATION OF BASES8:19
Examine the classification of bases by strength, including strong bases with complete ionization (sodium hydroxide) and weak bases with partial ionization (magnesium hydroxide), plus concentration and activity.
2.5. PROPERTIES OF ACID OF AND BASES12:23
Explore the physical and chemical properties of acids and bases, using litmus and universal indicators to test pH, and examine reactions with metals, oxides, carbonates, and water.
2.6. REACTION WITH METALLIC SULPHITES15:42
Explore the chemical properties of acids and bases through reactions with metallic sulfites and sulfates, hydrogen sulfide, and salts, highlighting neutralization and gas formation.
2.7. USES OF BASES10:57
Explore the uses of bases in industry and home, including sodium hydroxide for soap and paper, magnesium and aluminum hydroxide as antacids, and ammonium hydroxide for cleaning.
2.8. HOW STRONG ARE ACID OR BASE SOLUTION9:26
Explore using hydrogen ion concentration and pH (0–14) to judge acid or base strength, with universal indicator visuals and acids below 7 or bases above 7.
2.9. IMPORTANCE OF PH IN EVERYDAY LIFE11:58
explains how pH affects everyday life, including stomach acidity, mouth decay, acid rain impacts on water and soil, and neutralization with bases like baking soda and milk of magnesia.
2.10. SALTS9:54
Explore salts as products of acid-base neutralization and displacement reactions, including sulfates, nitrates, chlorides, phosphates, and carbonates, with examples like sodium sulfate and sodium chloride.
2.11. ACIDIC SALTS12:21
Discover acids, bases, and salts, including acidic salts, their formation, properties, and uses, plus practical preparation, crystallization, and hydration concepts in everyday chemistry.
2.12. GENERAL METHODS OF PREPARATION OF INSOLUBLE SALTS12:50
Learn general methods of preparing insoluble salts through precipitation and double decomposition, with examples such as silver chloride and sodium chloride, and the role of solubility in driving precipitates.
2.13. CHEMICALS FROM COMMON SALT15:54
From common salt, this lecture explains producing sodium hydroxide by brine electrolysis, with byproducts hydrogen and chlorine, and outlines uses in soap, disinfectants, bleaching powder, baking soda and baking powder.
2.14. WASHING SODA16:51
Explore the preparation, properties, and uses of washing soda (sodium carbonate) and plaster of Paris (calcium sulfate hemihydrate), including the ammonia-soda process and applications in laundry, water softening, and casting.
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Requirements

Basics of Acids , Bases and Salts

Description

A wide variety of material consists essentially of elements and compounds having different characteristics exist around us. Some of them are sour, some are bitter, while some are salty in taste.

For Example – Sour and bitter tastes of food are due to acids and bases, respectively, present in them.

Acids react with bases to produce salt whose properties are different from acid and base.

CLASSIFICATION OF ACIDS –

(i) On the basis of their source acids are of two type -

(i) Mineral acids ; (ii) Organic acids

(i) Mineral Acids (Inorganic acids) :- The acids which are usually obtained from minerals are known as inorganic acids.

Note : Aqua regia is a mixture of (3 part HCl & part HNO3) which dissolves even noble metals like Au, Pt.

(ii) Organic Acids :- The acids which are usually obtained from plants and animals are known as organic acids.

(II) On the Basis of their Basicity :-

“The basicity of an acid is the number of replaceable hydrogen atoms present in a molecule that can be produced by the complete ionization of one molecule of that acid in aqueous solution.”

“Basicity of an acid is determined by number of hydronium ions (H3O+/H+(aq) produced per molecule of an acid in ionization.”

(i) Monobasic Acids :- The acid on complete ionization produce one hydronium ion in aqueous solution.

Who this course is for:

Beginners and 10 grade students