50 Days of Learning Advanced Programming in Python

Learn how docstrings document modules, classes, and functions with multiline and one-line forms, accessible via the doc attribute, to create professional Python documentation.

Learn to access and print docstrings in Python for functions, classes, and modules using __doc__, with examples from a calculator function, a car class, and the math module.

Explore different docstring formats for Python: rest (restructured text), Google style, and NumPy style, with examples for divide, parameter descriptions, types, and return values.

Learn how to use Python type hints and annotations, including command-based hints for older Python versions, apply typing with lists and dictionaries, use unions, and handle none returns with docstrings.

Discover how recursion works in Python through a countdown example, learn the base case, and explore advantages like readability and divide and conquer, plus memory overhead and debugging risks.

Explore recursion with factorial and sum of natural numbers in Python, implementing a recursive function, handling base cases, and calculating values for 5, 10, and 20.

Explore recursion with a python palindrome check that lowercases and removes spaces, then compares first and last chars and recurses on the middle.

Install and import pygame, initialize it, create an 800 by 600 window, run a main loop to handle events, fill the background color, flip the display, and quit on close.

Learn to render shapes and images in a pygame window by drawing rectangles, circles, and lines, and by loading, scaling, blit, and flipping icons, background images, and sprites.

Learn to move objects in pygame by updating x and y coordinates, centering a rectangle, controlling speed and direction, and rendering shapes or ball images in a game loop.

Learn collision detection by bouncing a ball off window boundaries and reversing velocity; compare two moving balls using rect collisions and display collision alerts.

Detects left, middle, and right mouse button presses, scroll up and down, and mouse movement to report coordinates within the Pygame window.

Control horizontal and vertical scrolling in pygame via the mouse wheel with the pygame.mousewheel event, using event.x and event.y, and detect mouse button up and down on release.

Learn to handle keyboard events in pygame by detecting key down and up, move a rectangle with arrow keys, quit with escape, and detect ctrl, alt, and shift keys.

Learn how to handle keyboard input in Pygame with a comprehensive keys list—A–Z, 0–9, F1–F12, navigation and modifier keys, media controls, and a downloadable reference file.

Learn to detect keyboard shortcuts in pygame using the get pressed function, storing pressed keys, and implement combos like alt+f4 to close, ctrl+s to save, ctrl+c to copy.

Learn how Python treats functions as first-class citizens—store them in variables, pass them as arguments, and return them to enable higher-order patterns, callbacks, and reusable event-handling code.

Explore higher order functions in Python, where you pass functions as arguments to other functions and even return them, enabling modular, elegant code through function references and execution.

Explore returning a function from a function in Python, using inner functions like city inside country, and the returned function reference to compute city and country.

Store functions in Python data structures, then call them by key or index with arguments, using dictionary and list examples such as add, subtract, and multiply.

Explore how decorators in Python add functionality to existing functions without modification by using wrapper functions that take a function as an argument and return the function.

Learn how to decorate a function in Python using decorators, replacing boilerplate with a wrapper function and calling the decorated function directly.

Explore passing positional and keyword arguments to decorators by building a wrapper that accepts *args and **kwargs and forwards them to the wrapped function.

Explore decorators in Python by timing function execution and logging calls, using wrappers that handle arbitrary args and preserve the dry principle.

Master essential tkinter widgets such as label, button, entry, text, scrollbar, checkbutton, radiobutton, and combobox, learning practical setup, styling, layout, and interaction in a Python GUI.

Discover Tkinter layouts using pack for vertical and horizontal placement, grid for row and column alignment, and place for precise absolute and relative positioning.

Bind mouse and keyboard events in Tkinter to widgets, capturing left and right clicks, motion, double clicks, and key presses to print coordinates and keys for interactive apps.

Explore advanced Tkinter widgets by drawing with a canvas and rendering shapes, text, and images. Implement interactive message boxes and menus with cascades and accelerators.

Master retrieving website data in Python with the requests library, from installing the module to performing get requests, checking status codes, and printing HTML content.

Learn how to pass query parameters with the requests library to search and sort results, and send post requests with json payloads, headers, and robust error handling.

Learn to download files from the internet using request module, pass in a url, check for a 200 status, and save content to pdf or image files in your directory.

Learn to use sessions in the request module to persist parameters, set authorization headers, and manage timeouts and errors across multiple requests.