Introduction to 2 & 3D Drone Modeling With Agisoft Metashape

Drone 3D and 2D modeling uses a process known as Photogrammetry.  If you're interested in drone modeling you've most likely heard of Photogrammetry, but don't necessarily know what it means or what it's about.  In this lecture we'll talk about Photogrammetry in low tech terms.

Before we can generate a 2D or 3D model we need to capture some data (images).  There are a variety of Drone capture applications on the market, and each app has it's pluses and minuses.  We'll be talking about the capture apps over the next few lectures, and I'll leave it to you to decide on which one will work best for your work.

Map Pilot is a personal favorite application when it comes to Drone Mapping and Modeling.  The newest version boasts many improvements, and utilities for drone pilots looking to fine tune their image capturing process.

Pix4D and Drone Deploy also offer drone image capture applications for modeling.  Both apps help you easily setup and fly a modeling mission.  We'll quickly cover these two applications and their setup.  Unlike Map Pilot or Ground Station Pro, you do not have as much control over your flight settings with Pix4D Capture and Drone Deploy.  Both may be a good starting point for beginners before they move on to a more customizable application.

In this lecture you'll see a full setup for a flight with Ground Station Pro.  GS Pro is a very narrowly focused app as it is available for iPad only (no iPhones, or Androids).  If you're not an iPad owner or user, that's okay.  Check out the next lecture on Map Pilot.  If you have an iPad, you might find GS Pro is the perfect tool for your modeling flights.  It's my personal #1 goto app for capturing images for models.

This lecture takes place outdoors at a local new home construction location.  You'll get to see a 360 degree orbit mission with the Litchi App.  We'll do several orbits of the structures at different heights and at different radius measurements.  In total 4 unique orbits that required 131 images.  The final model generated from this flight will be a good example of using Metashape's Standard edition.

This is an extremely simple model covering a small area.  It's a great place to start for people new to the modeling process, and new to using Metashape Standard edition.

Please Note:  At the start of this lecture there are some background noises in the audio.  Wind pops occur during the first minute and a half of recording, but then dissipate.  One of the challenges of recording these segments outdoors.

Students need to know up front that modeling with drones consumes a lot of drive space.  Large models require many images.  And students may need to go back to the original files at some point for follow up.  How will students find those original images from months or maybe even years ago?  In this lecture we talk about organizing images after a flight, keywords or tags, and how you can quickly and easily find what you're looking for with Kyno.

In this lecture we take the images acquired from our Litchi flight and turn those images into a model with Metashape Standard Edition.  We import our cameras, create a dense point cloud, generate a mesh, and finally add a texture to that mesh.  The final result is a passable model that could be better if weren't worried about time.  The default settings and low settings in Metashape are used just for expedience.  But the model can be improved by spending more time in the workflow.

While some students might be taking this course to better understand Drone 3 D modeling for their own fun and enjoyment, others are certainly thinking about making a career out of modeling.  A big part of building a business with drones has to be the final product your clients want.  How you deliver final products to your clients becomes incredibly important.  In this lecture we briefly examine some of the output formats that are possible with Metashape, and also we do a simple exercise of sharing a model on the Internet with Sketchfab.

In this lecture we'll take a look at Ground Station Pro, planning a flight with GS Pro, and collecting data for a larger model that we'll be building in this section.  Ground Station Pro is an iPad only autonomous flight app that has proven to be useful in a wide range of applications for Drone Modeling.  If you don't have an iPad that's okay.  I'd suggest using Map Pilot as a backup to GS Pro.  In the following lectures in this section we'll be working with the GS Pro data for a Metashape Pro model.

Students don't need to use GS Pro in their own modeling workflow.  Capture apps all do the same thing.  They offer assistance in flying a specific path and regularly capturing images while following the path.  So if you don't have GS Pro that's okay.  Whatever modeling flight app you're using will still work with Metashape, or any other 3D modeling application as well.

Once we've captured our images the next step is to get them loaded into our modeling software.  In the case of this class, Metashape.  Importing the images is the easy and quick part, and everything that follows becomes a little time consuming.  Once we have the images in hand we'll go through a very straightforward process.  Align the photos (cameras), generate a dense point cloud, generate a mesh, and finally generate a texture for the model.  We're just at the beginning here!

In this lecture we're going to take a look at adding our Mesh, Texture, DEM, and Orthomosaic to the model.  Pay close attention here.  The model was rendered on Metashape Pro on a Windows 10 system, and then used on my iMac for recording purposed.  That means you can render models on one OS and be able to use them on another OS.  Very convenient if you need to swap between Windows and Mac.

Building drone 2D & 3D models is all well and good.  And it can be an enjoyable hobby.  But if you're interested in doing modeling as more than a hobby, and looking to integrate modeling into your Drone business, you'll need to keep one thing in mind.  The information you collect needs to be usable for your clients.  That means you need to be certain that you'll be able to export data into a format your customers can use.  Metashape Pro offers many export features that cover applications your customers will most likely be using.

Agisoft Metashape is well known as a higher end 3D Modeling application that works well for drone pilots.  Both the Standard and Pro versions offer a lot to drone pilots looking to make both 2 and 3D models.  Whichever application you decide to use you'll find Metashape offers a lot of powerful tools.

The standard workflow is straight forward.  Capture your images, import to Metashape (or other 3D Modeling applications), align the photos, generate a dense point cloud, generate a 3D mesh, and add texture to that mesh.  Each application has their own unique layouts and additional tools, and in this lecture we start looking at all of the tools that add to the overall workflow.

For drone pilot who is a novice to 2 & 3D modeling, the initial presets offered by Metashape will still allow you to generate interesting models.  Not perfected models, but good enough to hit the "wow factor" for people seeing your models.  Of course, when you start doing modeling work for clients you'll probably want to step up your game.

Metashape offers a host of tools for refining your models.  In this lecture we'll talk about the workflow, and using settings beyond the defaults.

Model areas are first defined when using your image capture application.  Sometimes our models will have unrefined edges, information outside of the capture area we're interested in, and potentially mistakes within our photo set.

One of the powerful features of Metashape is the fact that we can manipulate and trim our models before our final renders.  Maybe our point cloud has features outside of our area of interest.  We can trim the original area, helping us to avoid processing data that's unnecessary.

Metashape offers a lot of tools as we've noted.  It also offers a very customizable layout.  With multiple panel support users can view their capture images, workspace chunks, jobs currently running, and more.  As you advance in your modeling skills you'll find that Metashape's features will advance with you.

Metashape has "chunks."  What are chunks?  You can also manually align images in Metashape.  Why would you do that?  Batch processing is available as well.  These are a few of the advanced topics we'll introduce in this section.  The steep learning curve from intermediate level drone modeling to professional drone modeling starts here.

While this is not intended to be an advanced class, I feel it's useful to include an over view of the direction you're going in with your drone modeling.  The topics introduced in this section will require further research on your part.  And if you're interested in learning more about the advanced topics let me know.  If there's enough demand we'll see about making a new class on advanced drone modeling.

In this lecture we'll take a look at a very poor quality model.  Often if you make mistakes in your flight and image capture the model should be scrapped.  But there are ways to improve a poor quality model.  In the case of this example I would opt to reshoot the entire location, and the model really is a mess.  But this messy model will help students learn about manually aligning images in Metashape to improve the overall model quality.  Happy accidents to be sure, I didn't even mean to make a bad model!

If you've done any research on Drone Modeling prior to taking this class I'm sure you've heard of GCPs (Ground Control Points).  Getting your models as accurate as possible can be achieved with Metashape and many other modeling programs.  But a deeper understanding of modeling and mapping will be needed to really understand how ground control points work.

This lecture and the following lecture cover the basics of what GCPs are, and how you can add GCPs to your Metashape model.  But I'll be leaving a lot to students to learn outside of this course.  I strongly recomend that if you're looking into high end modeling as a profession that you spend some time learning all you can about GIS and land surveying techniques.

As noted in the previous lecture, GCPs are "next level" in your modeling growth.  We'll talk about exporting our camera data, and importing GCP data (at a very abstract level).  Creating GCPs that add value to your modeling efforts will require a lot more knowledge about GIS that we can cover in this course.  You'll get the general concepts in this lecture, and we'll leave it to you to grow from there.

While we've talked about export formats earlier in this class, and about animating your model with Metashape, I thought we should revisit the topic of sharing your models with 2 simple formats.  One, a simple screen capture that's included with both Metashape Standard and Pro.  2, a very simple video animation of your model.  Hey, we've got to have some fun with this right?

This is the final video in this series as of 6/19/19.  This course will of course be growing over time as I receive questions and requests from students.  So be sure to use the Q&A features provided by Udemy. 

I personally hope you've enjoyed this course, and learned a little more about 2D & 3D drone modeling, and about Agisoft's Metashape.  You don't have to use Metashape to make great models, but given the features of the program and the availability of a standard edition that won't break the bank on you, I think Metashape might fit into your modeling workflow as it has mine.